Guides

Practical explanations, tested examples.

Understand the concepts behind each utility and use the results safely.

Learn before relying on a result

These guides explain assumptions, edge cases, and safe usage behind the public utilities.

Use an HTTPS endpoint to discover the address a public server sees.

Read a slash prefix, find the subnet boundary, and count total and usable addresses.

Choose between random characters and memorable words using length, entropy, and practical usability.

Choose a widely supported digest and understand what a matching hash proves.

Recognize the unit, convert through UTC, and avoid timezone mistakes.

Understand the shared Base32 key behind time-based authentication codes.